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The natural history of dogs : Canidae or genus Canis of authors ; including also the genera Hyaena and Proteles / by Lieut. Col…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS. 3
135.) Pallas laboured at it till his last days, and
lad completed the manuscript, including all the…
56 MEMOIR OF PALLAS.
purchaser, at the same time desiring him to make
out the catalogue and fix the price. Ie accordingly…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS. 57
Tastly, limestone strata tlie most external. ¢ It may
be stated,” says Cuvier, “ that this great fact,…
58 MEMOIR OF PALLAS.
the world has ever seen. China, India, Persia, and
the whole of Tartary, were neeessarily subjected to…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS, 59
thereby subjects himself to much trouble and vexa-
tion. We cannot convey a better idea of those…
60 MEMOIR OF PALLAS.
and government, but devotes a large portion of his
work to an account of their religion, which is truly…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS, 61
woman and a sovereign did not happen to make the
hest possible seleetion, nor act with as correct views…
2 MEMOIR OF PALLAS.
travelling, like that of a savage life, made him
impatient of a stated residence in a city.
Lqually…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS. 63
and in English in 1802. The plan pursued, and
the style of these volumes, are very similar to those
of…
64 MEMOTR OF PALLAS,
to the Crimea or ancient Tawrica, that singular
peninsula, which is flat and arid oy the side next
the…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS. 65
to great cold, with very insufficient covering. This
accident produced pains, which he hoped the mild…
66 MEMOIR OF PALLAS.
disappointment :—*“ Were this the proper place to
inform my readers of the disquietude and hardships…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS. 67
to those of our own country, and for every literary
communication it was in his power to supply.
When…
63 MEMOIR OF PALLAS,
phy. We used every endeavour to prevail upon
him to quit the country and accompany us to Yng-
land;…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS. 69
fectly into his solitude: his calmed mind now re-
vived prodigiously under all these gratifications and…
70 MEMOIR OF PALLAS.
science. Besides, he had never borrowed from others
without rendering them explicit justice.
Thus…
MEMOIR OF PALLAS, 71
Baron Wimpfen, Hentenant-general in the Russian
service, who died at Lunéville in consequence of
wounds…
APPENDIX
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST
OF SOME OF
THE WORKS OF PALLAS.
[The reader will please to remember, that we do not give the…
APPENDIX. 7h
seen it noted that he sent three, The only
on¢ we have met is on the Siena juce
ladrix, Thomson’s Hist. Royal…
74 APPENDIX.
the Count Lacépéde, 1788 ; and the other
in 8 vols. 8vo. and onc of plates, with
Notes by Lamarck and Longles,…
APPENDIX. b
1777. Obs. circa Myrmecophagum Afric. et Didel-
phidis novam speciem orientalem. Part 11
1777. Descripiion dw…
76 APPENDIX.
1781. Sorices Aliquot illustrati. Sorex moschalus
ot 8. myosurus . Labulis. Act, Petr.
1781. New Noviliern…
INTRODUCTION.
WHEN the interest attached to the higher orders of
the brute creation is brought in review for the pur-
pose…
78 INTRODUCTION,
Tt may indeed be conceded, that in the social con-
dition of nations long congregated and civilized,…
INTRODUCTION, 79
differ only in their mode of acknowledgment, from
the expressions of favour with which the drover,
the…
30 INTRODUCTION.
horse, were compeiled to accept his yoke; aud,
finally, when, with the samc assistance, the wild
boar was…
INTRODUCTION, al
thus carly an object of decp felt interest, we are
naturally led to ask the question of whence dog…
82 INTRODUCTION.
admitted the wolf and the jackal to be constituents
of his genus Canis ; but it does not appear that he…
INTRODUGTION, 83
many plants are found in a wild state that man
appears to have carricd with him in his devious
migrations…
84 INTRODUCTION.
Australia ; there is, besides, a half reclaimed race
among the Indians of North America, and another…
INTRODUCTION, 85
sive generations, of looking forwards to their master
and obeying his voice.”
This extract, taken from the…
86 INTRODUCTION.
Mr Bell concludes these observations in the fol-
lowing words :—* Upon the whole, the argument
in favour of…
INTRODUCTION. 87
We may therefore commence our remarks by
observing that dogs arc found in every quarter of
the globe,…
88 INTRODUGTION.
Now, adverting to the circumstance of the fertility
of the mixed hreed hetween wolf and dog (one cer-…
INTRODUGOTION, 89
Or in the case noticed by Mr Hodgson at Katman-
doo, swhere his experiments proved the Capra tharal®
and…
80 INTRODUCTION.
the fivst division of his arrangement, where he refers
to the wolf; and thus far left the argument of…
INTRODUCTION, 91
pean, demands at least that we should suspend our
opinion until this question be better elucidated. As
for…
92 INTRODUCTION.
terminology. The French have adopted a clear dis-
tinction, by naming the dog considered as a genuine
wild…
INTRODUCTION, 93
pass from one to the other, from the largest Irish
greyhound, through wolves, dogs, jackals, and
foxes,…
94 INTRODUCTION.
Society, in February 1837, are correet, the vertebra
of the back, loins,and sacrum differ, between the wild…
INTRODUCTION. 93
the foxes, some onc species, let us say the wolf, is
parent of the whole,—and therefore that the genus…
96 INTRODUGTION.
tion.* Writers more imbued with the spirit of
system than with the phenomena they have to
investigate and…
INTRODUCTION. 97
swered that dogs proceeded from the species in the
ark, what becomes of the Mongolic, the Negro, and
the…
98 INTRODUCTION,
abundant. Yet none of these dogs have assumed
its aspect ; nor have they mixcd, further south, with…
INTRODUCTION. 99
about four thousand years, or of fifteen hundred,
perhaps mearly two thousand, generations.* If it
were…
100 j INTRODUCTION.
had had other results, it would still have remaincd
to be decided, whether a litter wholly of wolf ex-…
INTRODUCTION. 101
Europe, the fiercest dogs, such as the packs kept by
the feudal nobility for boar and wolf hunting, were…
102 INTRODUCTION.
writers, and are led by inferences from their own
observations, rather than by the authority of names.
‘We…
INTRODUCTION. 103
cune autre espéee sauvage, par lu conformation, et
par la facilité de apprivoiser.”
In conclusion, we may…
104 INTRODUCTION,
other laws, whose periods of operation we are not
competent to measure,
Without, therefore, recapitulating…
INTRODUCTION. 1035
climate and in captivity, are not conclusive because
they have terminated in the negative. We may add,…
166 INTRODUCTION,
they be without a known prototype, we might form
a system as philosophically admissible as our present…
INTRODUCTION. 107
This distribution is sufficiently correet, in a gene-
ral point of view, to merit consideration ; and the…
108 INTRODUCTION.
sce how or why a difficulty should be overcome,
which in itsclf seems to lic more in the maxims of
a…
INTRODUCTION. 109
among ossiferous debris, or are found under ques-
tionable circumstances; as if the progress of man
with…
110 INTRODUCTION.
canines arc investigated ; and although the author’s object
was 1ot to question the single or plural view…
THE
- CANINE FAMILY IN GENERAL,
OR THE
GENUS CANIS, (Lx~.).
Dogs, taken in a collective sense, constitute a family
of…
112 THE CANINE FAMILY
have undergone, can fix species by such aid, con-
sistently with their own argument, we do not pre-…
IN GENERAL. 113
laxity is so very great, the general structure of the
animals cannot depart from this leading and chief…
-4 THE CANINE FAMILY
and all the teeth are proportionably stronger than in
the dingo.
The teeth of canide consist, in the…
INGENERAL. 1|5
absolutely exclusive subsisteuce of canines to be
animal food ; and this law, with its modifications,
is so…
116 THE CANINE FAMILY
stantly wanting ; and the same difference occurs in
the Canis Dukhunensis of Colonel Sykes, and in all…
IN GENERAL. 115
or five ; one group alone has only four toes on all
the feet. In all of them the two middic toes are
longest…
118 THE CANINE FAMILY
hangs to the Jeft; which Sonmini justly ascribes to
their action of galloping.
The mamma are from six…
IN GENERAL. 119
cleanly as animals of the cat kind. In this respect
the nocturnal species, whose fur is also more close
and…
120 THE CANINE FAMILY
exceeds twenty years. Tle phenomena of gestation
in canines demand some observations, from the
number…
IN GENERAL. 121
first state of existence, may be one of the many
provisions of Nature to keep up the balance be-
tween the…
122 THE CANINE FAMILY
hostility of his family to tigers, by lis unceasing
pursuit of them in the night, and announcing his…
IN GENERAL. 123
the thighs and shoulders fleshy, and the legs ten-
dinous ; the muscles appear very prominent, but the
gait…
124 THE CANINE FAMILY
and France, hydrophobia attacks svolves and foxes
as well as the dogs ; both the first mentioned are…
IN GENERAL. 125
formerly had their earths in Germany. Many of the
species hunt in troops; those who are permanent…
126 THE CANINE FAMILY
and races that have since been nearly or entirely
extirpated.
This opinion is strengthened by the fact…
IN GENERAL. 127
now are in Natoiia, Canines are indicated by them
under denominations which the moderns applied at
random to…
THE DIURNAL CANIDZA.
Tae several groups of canine animals which are
provided with a circular disk or round pupa in the
eyes…
SUB-GENUS I. CHAON.
SECTION I. LUPUS.
THE WOLVES.
Lupus, Linn.—Sub-genus Chaon, /fam. Smith.
Tug typical wolf of Europe and…
130 TITE WOLVES.
In stature and strength the wolves of Europe
vary but stightly, and cqual or surpass the largest
and most…
THE WOLVES. 131
when they wish to conceal a part of their food or
the droppings about their lairs. The parent wolves
punish…
132 THE WOLVES.
Tartary have different manners, probably from ne-
cessity, not choice.
1t is said that the burrows of wolves…
TOE WOLVES. 133
listening, snuffing up the air, smelling the ground,
and springing over the threshold without touching
it.…
134 TIE WOLVES,
ately devour him. At the elose of the appalling
famine which desolated India, now more than a
quarter of a…
THOE WOLVES, 135
made cfforts to drag him through; his cries awa-
Lening the whole vicinity, the beast was conupelled
to…
136 THE WOLVES.
zally repel the attack, killing one or more of the
enemy. Smgle horses fight a wolf by striling with’
the…
TUE WOLVES. 137
employing them to extirpate their common enemy ;
particularly as in times of peace their garrison
duties are…
138 THE WOLVES.
by Buffon, disclose the usual disposition of wolves,
yet when taken young and under judicious treat-
ment,…
AL WOLVES. 129
Jjust as the most attached dog would have done
alter @ scparation of a few days. Unhappily his
master was…
140 THE WOLVES,
Dblished ; he resumed his good condition of body
and brilliant coat ; his keepers could again approach
him…
THE WOLVES, 141
holes, or under the most sheltered and impenetrable
covers, where a bed of mess is gathered by the
mother…
142 THE WOLVES.
pearing, in Europe at least, that wolves by no
means pair every autumnn.
The malevolent sagacity, fearful…
THE WOLVES. 143
wolves, Some nations of antiquity, as well as the
more recent noble tribes of Goths and Saxoms,
claimed the…
144 THE WOLVES.
Asla, we are still insufficiently acquainted with
several that are known to exist, to pronounce with…
THE WOLVES. 145
ring to Oppian,* whose information on the subject
is by far the most distinct, that he cnumerates no
less…
14s THE WOLVES.
The fourth and fifth, acimones, and perhaps ieti-
nus, were smaller; with a lengthened body, strong
and…
THE WOLVES. 147
refer to a canine commonly considered as a fox; but
it is larger, more bulky, low on the legs, with a
hoary…
148
TIIE COMMON WOLF.
Lupus vdgaris.
PLATE L.
Tur common wolf of Western Kurope is in stature
from twenty-seven to twenty-…
THE COMMON WOLF. 149
In colour, the head, face, neck, and back is light
grey; the hair being a mixtare of sandy and ash;
on…
THE BLACK WOLF,
Lupus lyeaon.
PLATE I
Tr1s species is at least equal in stature to the com-
mon wolf, and even stronger in…
THE BLACK WOLF. 151
the species, appears in doubt whether it be uot hy-
brid ; although in a former part of the same account…
152 THE BLACK WOLF.
now the lobo will accompany strings of mules as
soon as it becomes dusky. They arc seen bonnding
from…
THE BLACK WOLF, 153
mal, and there is an indication that, like the former,
it assimilatcs more with dogs than the grey wolf…
154 TIR BLACK WOLF.
was killed in Scotland, in 1680, by Sir Ewen Came-
ron; and in Ireland, the last presentment for killing…